Same Question, Different Answers: Auditing Persona-Dependent Variation in Six LLMs on Smoking-Cessation Advice
This is real work with hard numbers on a problem that matters: LLMs deployed at scale are already changing behavior based on inferred user attributes, often in ways that contradict evidence. For builders shipping health-related features, this is a concrete signal that persona-dependent outputs are not a hypothetical risk. For anyone in regulated domains, this paper is what happens when auditors come calling. The intervention they test—a system prompt specifying a factual floor—is deployable today.